雅思(ielts)閱讀考試中容易混淆的詞匯
2014-12-25 16:20:33留學(xué)網(wǎng)整理
詞義辨析—obviously， apparently， evidently
最近忙著改版《雅思詞匯精選》，要把劍6和機(jī)經(jīng)里的一些詞匯補(bǔ)充進(jìn)去，于是這幾個(gè)禮拜又重新補(bǔ)起了詞匯的功課。平時(shí)一直鼓動(dòng)大家把一些感覺(jué)不錯(cuò)的詞放到像朗文、劍橋等國(guó)外出版的詞典里去確認(rèn)一下exact meaning，盡量保證先正確的理解，再正確的使用，還要正確的發(fā)音，這次輪到我自己了，只不過(guò)每天100個(gè)詞的進(jìn)度。在編寫(xiě)新的詞條的時(shí)候，有些詞的確讓我吃驚不小，因?yàn)槲乙酝睦斫膺�是太多的受到了中文的影響，舉個(gè)例子，obvious， apparent， evident三個(gè)詞都是“明顯的”，而一旦變成副詞obviously， apprently， evidently區(qū)別就很大了，要謹(jǐn)慎使用。
Obviously——used to mean that a fact can easily be noticed or understood.
Apparently——①u(mài)sed to say that you have heard that something is true， although you are not completely sure about it ② according to the way someone looks or a situation appears， although you cannot be sure.
Evidently——used to say that something is true because you can see that it is true.
從上面可以看出，Obviously是依然是最地道的“明顯”，跟形容詞形式意思一樣，evidently雖然也是這個(gè)意思，但《劍橋高級(jí)者詞典》指出此詞略微正式，與obvious相比，’it is usually better to choose the word obvious’，因此副詞也比較正式。
最麻煩的要數(shù)apparently，已經(jīng)跟apparent有較大區(qū)別了，里面包含著’you cannot be sure’的意思，所以中文的正確意思應(yīng)該是“看似，據(jù)說(shuō)”，這一點(diǎn)就連我認(rèn)為國(guó)內(nèi)最棒的英漢詞典——陸谷孫老先生編的《英漢大辭典》里也找不到的。比如說(shuō)劍3中Test 3 閱讀Passage 3 講環(huán)境和情緒的文章里有一句話(huà)，However， this apparently does not just depend on the temperature. 應(yīng)該理解為“不過(guò)看來(lái)這不僅僅取決于氣溫”。還有同樣是劍3 Test 2聽(tīng)力中的Section 3 講員工選拔中有一句話(huà)，The idea is actually quite old. Apparently they were used by the ancient Chinese for picking out clerks and civil servants. Apprently應(yīng)該翻譯成“據(jù)說(shuō)”。
所以還是那句話(huà)，一天拿出一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)時(shí)間，去確認(rèn)5個(gè)你覺(jué)得挺不錯(cuò)的詞匯，其實(shí)很多詞匯我們當(dāng)時(shí)背的似是而非，如果3個(gè)月的時(shí)間搞定450個(gè)好詞，考試的時(shí)候起碼詞匯會(huì)有很出色的表現(xiàn)的。
