每周一練:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
來源:智康1對(duì)1 2015-02-09 19:02:00
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1.基本結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定形式:
①be動(dòng)詞:am/is/are
、谛袨閯(dòng)詞:動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)。
否定形式:
①am/is/are+not
、赿on't/doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+……
一般疑問句:
、侔裝e動(dòng)詞放于句首
②Do/Does+…+動(dòng)詞原形+…?
特殊疑問句:
特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句
2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)的構(gòu)成:
動(dòng)詞特征 |
變化 |
例詞 |
一般動(dòng)詞 |
詞尾加-s |
look- looks find- finds |
以s, x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾 |
詞尾加-es |
watch- watches, |
以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾 |
變y為i再加-es |
fly- flies, apply- applies |
3.基本用法:
、俦硎窘(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。時(shí)間狀語有:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays等。
例:I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
②表示客觀真理,客觀存在或科學(xué)事實(shí),以及格言或名言警句中。如:
The earth moves around the sun.
Shanghai lies in the east of China.
Failure is the mother of success. 失敗乃成功之母。
、郾硎緪酆、能力、性格、個(gè)性。
I like Chinese food.
I don't want so much.
Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
4. 特殊用法
、僖话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)
1. 時(shí)間狀語從句、條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)。如:when, before, after, till, once, as soon as, if, in case (that), unless,等。
He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨媽。I will call you as soon as I go back home. 我一到家就給你電話。
注:1. 可以代替as soon as表示一……就的詞語:the moment、the minute、immediately、instantly
2. 主句部分除了用一般將來時(shí),還可以用祈使句以及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
例:If you have any problem, please contact me. (主祈從現(xiàn))
If you have any problem, you can contact me.(主情從現(xiàn))
3. not…until用法總結(jié):
A. sb didn't do sth until sb did sth.
I didn't go home until I finished my homework yesterday. 我昨天直到完成作業(yè)才回家
B. sb won't do sth until sb do/does sth.(主將從現(xiàn))
I won't leave until you come tomorrow. 我明天會(huì)直到你過來才會(huì)離開。
練習(xí):翻譯下面的句子
1. 昨天修理完桌椅后,我們才回家。
2. 有時(shí)候,直到珍貴的時(shí)刻成為了回憶,你才會(huì)真正認(rèn)識(shí)到它的價(jià)值所在。
2.用于表示較固定的,按計(jì)劃、規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,但只限于begin, come, go, leave, arrive, stop, return, close, open, take, start, take place 等少數(shù)動(dòng)作。
例:The train leaves Beijing at six and arrives at Jinan at nine.
、谝话悻F(xiàn)在時(shí)代替進(jìn)行時(shí)
句型:Here comes… ; There goes…
例:Look, here comes Mr. Li.
There goes the bell.
練一練
1.觀察下列例句,將序號(hào)填入對(duì)應(yīng)用法之后的空白欄中
① All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.
、赥he plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.
③ Unless it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.
、躉ur teacher told us the earth goes round the sun.
⑤He sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.
、轜e always care for each other and help each other.
⑦She is a teacher.
、 -Do you sing? -A little.
一般用法 |
現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常與usually, always, seldom, often, frequently, every day等時(shí)間狀語連用 |
主語現(xiàn)在的特征,性格和狀態(tài) |
|
客觀規(guī)律,正確事實(shí)或科學(xué)真理,格言以及其他不受時(shí)間限制的客觀存在 |
|
特殊用法 |
“主將從現(xiàn)”:主要用在條件從句(if和unless等)和時(shí)間狀語從句(when, as soon as, before, after, until和by the time等)中,表示將來的動(dòng)作。(注意:從句也可視情況用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主句可視語境用將來任意時(shí)態(tài)) |
“時(shí)刻表”:安排,或計(jì)劃要做的動(dòng)作(有時(shí)間狀語)限于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一類短暫性動(dòng)詞。 |
2.翻譯練習(xí)
①他并不總是在6點(diǎn)鐘下班,有時(shí)他會(huì)工作到7點(diǎn)。
、跈C(jī)會(huì)總是青睞有準(zhǔn)備的人。___________________________________________________________________________
、廴绻齺砜次,我會(huì)很高興。________________________________________________________________
④他經(jīng)常把他的業(yè)余時(shí)間花在閱讀上。
___________________________________________________________________
、輰(shí)踐出真知。
_____________________________________________________________________
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